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What if the stuff found in pencils could be used to make computer chips? That’s a real possibility, according to new research published in the journal Nature.

Research scientists from Georgia Institute of Technology and China’s Tianjin University found that graphene, the material commonly found in modern pencils, can act as a semiconductor. For years, it was believed that graphene only behaved as a semimetal, not a semiconductor, but researchers have now discovered graphene’s “band gap.”